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Civil Initiatives of the Urban Population in the Urals in the Initial Period of the First World War

Author: Yelena Yu. Kazakova-Apkarimova, Dr. Sc. (History), Associate-Prof. of General & Economic History Dept.

Abstract: Civil initiatives of the urban population and peculiarities of the social life in a provincial town at the time of the First World War are analyzed. Using the conception of civil society the author reveals various forms of public initiatives of citizens, points out the revitalization of urban religious and secular voluntary public organizations, determines their contribution to the social-cultural and economic problems of a Ural city in the war time. The author concludes that the key components of the social consciousness of the Ural population in the initial period of the war were Orthodox Christianity, national identity, civic consciousness and patriotism.

Key words: civil initiatives; public life; the Urals; the First World War; city; public organization; charity; patriotism; citizenship; refugees.